F1583    Book:     Stauffer, R. C. ed. 1975. Charles Darwin's Natural Selection; being the second part of his big species book written from 1856 to 1858. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.   Text   Image   PDF

which lessened fertility or entire sterility has supervened from an entirely independent cause; namely from hybridity. Gaertner has shown1 that hybrid plants are more inclined to produce double flowers than pure species; the tendency is hereditary; in hybrids in double flowers the male organs are first affected; in both there is a strong tendency to yield innumerable flowers. Again Gaertner insists2 /96/most strongly on the very general tendency of hybrids, even utterly sterile kinds, to

A335    Book:     Owen, Richard. 1859. On the classification and geographical distribution of the mammalia, being the lecture on Sir Robert Reade's foundation, delivered before the University of Cambridge, in the Senate-House, May 10, 1859. To which is added an appendix "on the gorilla," and "on the extinction and transmutation of species." London: John Parker.   Text   Image   PDF

functions of the being. Hence we not only show intelligence evoking means adapted to the end; but, at successive times and periods, producing a change of mechanism adapted to a change in external conditions. Thus the highest generalizations in the science of organic bodies, like the Newtonian laws of universal matter, lead to the unequivocal conviction of a great First Cause, which is certainly not mechanical. Unfettered by narrow restrictions,—unchecked by the timid and unworthy fears of

A22    Review:     [Lowell, J. A.]. 1860. [Review of] Darwin's Origin of Species. Christian Examiner and Theological Review 68: 5, series 6, (May): 449-464.   Text   Image   PDF

approaching the subject with any sceptical intentions, we cannot but regret and distrust them. Who indeed are we, to dare, in the imperfection of our knowledge, to assign the bounds, or explain the modes of action, of the great First Cause? The fact of life it is given to us to know, to compare the forms of its manifestations, and to explain, in a limited degree, the laws by which He governs it; but the deep mystery of life itself is, for wise purposes, to us inscrutable. For our own part, it seems to

A50    Review:     [Gray, Asa]. 1860. Review of Darwin's theory on the origin of species by means of natural selection. American Journal of Science and Arts. 2d ser. 29 (March): 153-184. [Silliman's Journal]   Text   Image   PDF

and the frog, or, still better, between those distinct animals which succeed each other in alternate and very dissimilar generations. So that mere analogy might rather suggest a natural connection than the contrary; and the contrary cannot be demonstrated until the possibilities of nature under the Deity are fathomed. But the intellectual connection being undoubted, Mr. Agassiz properly refers the whole to the agency of Intellect as its first cause. In doing so, however, he is not supposed to

A50    Review:     [Gray, Asa]. 1860. Review of Darwin's theory on the origin of species by means of natural selection. American Journal of Science and Arts. 2d ser. 29 (March): 153-184. [Silliman's Journal]   Text   Image   PDF

A perversion of the first view leads towards atheism, the notion of an eternal sequence of cause and effect, for which there is no first cause, a view which few sane persons can long rest in. The danger which may threaten the second view is pantheism. We feel safe from either error, in our profound conviction that there is order in the universe; that order presupposes mind; design, will; and mind or will, personality. Thus guarded, we much prefer the second of the two conceptions of causation

A51    Review:     [Gray, Asa]. 1860. Darwin and his reviewers. Atlantic Monthly. 6 (October): 406-425.   Text   Image   PDF

do not a fortiori argue design. We could not affirm that the arguments for design in Nature are conclusive to all minds. But we may insist, upon grounds already intimated, that whatever they were good for before Darwin's book appeared, they are good for now. To our minds the argument from design always appeared conclusive of the being and continued operation of an intelligent First Cause, the Ordainer of Nature; and we do not see that the grounds of such belief would be disturbed or shifted by

A567    Pamphlet:     Gray, Asa. 1861. Natural Selection not inconsistent with Natural Theology. A free examination of Darwin's treatise on the Origin of Species, and of its American reviewers. Reprinted from the Atlantic Monthly for July, August, and October, 1860. London: Trübner & Co., Boston: Ticknor and Fields.   Text   Image   PDF

always appeared conclusive of the being and continued operation of an intelligent First Cause, the Ordainer of Nature; and we do not see that the grounds of such belief would be disturbed or shifted by the adoption of Darwin's hypothesis. We are not blind to the philosophical difficulties which the thorough-going implication of design in Nature has to encounter, nor is it our vocation to obviate them. It suffices us to know that they are not new nor peculiar difficulties, that, as Darwin's theory

CUL-DAR54.29-38    Note:    1862.09.14   Drosera rotundifolia [application of hair, toenail, sulphate of zinc,   Text   Image

No dry particle can be trusted. Chalk dry causes rapid movement. (Acetate of Morphia wd be best to try ) So that we see after Chloroform, after hairs had got it nearly straight meat [put] on, they moved in about 4 hours Effect like Opium, only that opium does not at first cause movement. (B.

A2455    Review:     [Hardwicke, R]. 1863. [Review of Origin and T. H. Huxley's lecture 'On our Knowledge of the Causes of the Phenomena of Organic Nature']. The origin of species. (Mr. Darwin and his commentators.) Popular Science Review, 2: 385-404.   Text   PDF

to the First Cause. Mr. Darwin addresses the world of science; and he does so, as we just observed, modestly, cautiously, and with due regard to the difficulties that militate against the acceptance of his own theory. In fact, he is by far the fairest critic who has ever dealt with the views that he himself has propounded. His interpreter to the working classes, and to many very young students, harangues these with great ability, and with unbounded confidence in his own opinion concerning all

A609    Review:     Anon. 1868. Darwin and pangenesis. Quarterly Journal of Science 5 (July): 295-313.   Text   Image

disposition of the supposed gemmules in the male organ may have been the first cause of this transmission. We admit that surrounding physical conditions, such as like food, climate, and habits, may have had some share in moulding the physical frame as it became developed. We will even, for argument's sake, admit the cellular hypothesis in its most materialistic form, and suppose that the little, hypothetical, invisible, vitalized atoms are themselves the seat of all those qualities which

A1013.1    Book:     Wallace, A. R. 1869. The Malay Archipelago: The land of the orang-utan, and the bird of paradise. A narrative of travel, with studies of man and nature. London: Macmillan and Co. vol. 1.   Text

general in the Class of birds, and which so much excite our admiration. It has generally been the custom of writers on Natural History, to take the habits and instincts of animals as fixed points, and to consider their structure and organization as specially adapted to be in accordance with these. This assumption is however an arbitrary one, and has the bad effect of stifling inquiry into the nature and causes of instincts and habits, treating them as directly due to a first cause, and therefore

A576    Pamphlet:     Wright, Chauncey. 1871. Darwinism: Being an examination of Mr. St. George Mivart's 'Genesis of species,' [Reprinted from the 'North American Review,' July 1871, with additions]. London: John Murray. 46pp.   Text   Image

of religious mystery, and speaks of life with its several powers being originally breathed by the Creator into a few forms or into one. For this expression our author takes him to task, though really it could mean no more than if the gravitative properties of bodies were referred directly to the agency of a First Cause, in which the philosopher professed to believe; at the same time expressing his unwillingness to make hypotheses, that is, transcendental hypotheses, concerning occult modes of

CUL-DAR226.2.92-95    Printed:    1871.04.06   Review of `Descent' `Nature': 442-444   Text   Image   PDF

the Creator, is true enough, but is beside the mark; for natural science inquires how or by what steps these things have become so, not why and from what first cause. If one sees two men very much alike, one naturally supposes that they are brothers; if they are rather less so, they may be cousins; if only agreeing in general characters, we recognise them as at least belonging to the same race or nation; and so, when the facts to be accounted for are once ascertained, nothing but prejudice or

A12    Book:     Tyndall, John. 1874. Address Delivered Before the British Association Assembled at Belfast, With Additions. London: Longmans, Green, and Co.   Text

the prepared materials which, formed by the skill of the highest, produce by their subsequent inter-action all the phenomena of the material world. There seems to be this difference, however, between Gassendi and Maxwell. The one postulates, the other infers his first cause. In his 'manufactured articles,' as he calls the atoms, Professor Maxwell finds the basis of an induction which enables him to scale philosophic heights considered inaccessible by Kant, and to take the logical step from the

CUL-DAR26.1-121    Draft:    [1876--1882.04.00]   'Recollections of the development of my mind and character' [autobiography] author's fair copy   Text   Image

first cause seems to me a strong one; whereas, as just remarked, the presence of much suffering agrees well with the view that all organic beings have been developed through variation natural selection. At the present day the most usual argument for the existence of an intelligent God is drawn from the deep inward conviction feelings which are experienced by most persons. But it cannot be doubted that Hindoos, Mahomadans others might argue in the same manner with equal force in favour of the

F1319    Book contribution:     Darwin, C. R. 1879. Preliminary notice. In Krause, E., Erasmus Darwin. Translated from the German by W. S. Dallas, with a preliminary notice by Charles Darwin. London: John Murray.   Text   Image   PDF

animals have arisen from one living filament which the Great First Cause endued with animality, with the power of acquiring new parts, attended with new propensities, directed by irritations, sensations, volitions, and associations; and thus possessing the faculty of continuing to improve by its own inherent activity, and of delivering down those improvements by generation to its posterity, world without end! It might be doubted, the author goes on to say, whether the fishes, which have fins

A1162    Review:     Anon. 1882. [Review of] The formation of vegetable mould through the action of worms, with observations on their habits. Sydney Morning Herald (1 May): 7.   Text   PDF

, and disciples of Dr. Paley will not be slow to point out the marvellous adaptation of means to ends in this inferior region of animated nature as a proof of the supremacy of reason in the universe and of the existence of an intelligent First Cause. Nothing is more remarkable in the whole of Darwin's career than his utter indifference to controversy. Hundreds of books have been written in opposition to him, and the tide of battle has raged around him like the turbulent surge of the sea. But in

A1042    Periodical contribution:     Anon. 1882. Darwin's religion. The Narracoorte Herald (15 December): 3.   Text

conceiving that this grand and wondrous universe, with our conscious selves, arose through chance, seems to me our chief argument for the existence of God; but whether this is an argument of real value, I have never been able to decide. I am aware that if we admit a first cause the mind still craves to know whence it came and how it arose. Nor can I overlook the difficulty from the immense amount of suffering through the world. I am, also, induced to defer to a certain extent to the judgment of the

CUL-DAR200.3.37    Printed:    1883   'Inaugural address to Abernethian Society 5 October 1882' London Adlard: 20pp   Text   PDF

before and after their nativity, and by considering in how minute a portion of time many of the changes of animals above described have been produced, would it be too bold to imagine that in the great length of time since the earth began to exist─ perhaps millions of ages before the commencement of the history of mankind─ would it be too bold to imagine that all warm-blooded animals have arisen from one living filament, which THE GREAT FIRST CAUSE endowed with animality, with the power of

A75    Book:     Bettany, G. T. 1887. Life of Charles Darwin. London: Walter Scott.   Text   Image

words what would only be a speculation. But the German critics have attacked me vigorously, saying, that by the impugning of the doctrine of spontaneous generation, and substituting nothing in its place, I have left them nothing but the direct and miraculous intervention, of the First Cause, as often as a new species is introduced, and hence I have overthrown my own doctrine of revolutions carried on by a regular system of secondary causes. . . . When I first came to the notion, which I never

F1452.1    Book:     Darwin, Francis ed. 1887. The life and letters of Charles Darwin, including an autobiographical chapter. vol. 1. London: John Murray.   Text   Image   PDF

briefly; and I am not sure that I could do so, even if I wrote at some length. But I may say that the impossibility of conceiving that this grand and wondrous universe, with our conscious selves, arose through chance, seems to me the chief argument for the existence of God; but whether this is an argument of real value, I have never been able to decide. I am aware that if we admit a first cause, the mind still craves to know whence [page] 30

F1452.1    Book:     Darwin, Francis ed. 1887. The life and letters of Charles Darwin, including an autobiographical chapter. vol. 1. London: John Murray.   Text   Image   PDF

to a First Cause having an intelligent mind in [page] 31

A75    Book:     Bettany, G. T. 1887. Life of Charles Darwin. London: Walter Scott.   Text   Image

security extend even to vegetables. . . . Would it be too bold to imagine that in the great length of time since the earth began to exist . . . all warm-blooded animals have arisen from one living filament, which the Great First Cause endued with animality; . . . possessing the faculty of continuing to improve by its own inherent activity, and of delivering down those improvements by generation to its posterity, world without end! [page] 6

A315    Pamphlet:     H.A.S. [1888]. Darwin and his works: a biological & metaphysical study. London: John Bale and Sons.   Text   Image   PDF

CHAPTER II. Synopsis:—First Cause—Origin of Life—-Man's Brain Compared—Lower States of Consciousness—Examples in Vegetable and Animal Life—Language —Difference between Men and Animals—Primitive and Savage Races—Intellect— Will—Abstract Ideas—Social Instinct—Mystery of Consciousness —Memory—Consciousness as the Attribute of Life —Examples—Common-sense!—Memory in Insect, Animal, and Savage Life—That of Civilised Man —Relation to Nerve Matter—Clifford's Views on Consciousness—Metaphysics of Mind

A315    Pamphlet:     H.A.S. [1888]. Darwin and his works: a biological & metaphysical study. London: John Bale and Sons.   Text   Image   PDF

thought! and the whole subject may be dismissed by saying that Wil (first cause) formed the universe, and still continues by the establishment of fixed natural laws to govern it; the brake has been turned on, and the complex machinery of nature continues in motion. To serve the ends of the universe it is man's capacity * Critiques and Addresses, p. 238. [page] 7