Comparison with 1859 |
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The existence of closely allied or representative species in any two areas, implies, on the theory of descent with modification, that the same parents
formerly inhabited both areas;
and we almost invariably find that wherever many closely allied species inhabit two areas, some identical species common
to both
still
exist. exist. 1859 1860 | exist there. 1861 1866 | exist. 1869 1872 |
Wherever many closely allied yet distinct species occur,
many many 1859 1860 1861 | many 1866 1869 1872 |
doubtful forms and varieties of
the same species
likewise likewise 1859 1860 1861 1869 1872 | like-wise 1866 |
occur. It is a rule of high generality that the inhabitants of each area are related to the inhabitants of the nearest source whence immigrants might have been derived. We see this in nearly
all the plants and animals of the Galapagos archipelago, of Juan Fernandez, and of the other American islands
being related in the most striking manner
to the plants and animals of the neighbouring American mainland; and those of
the Cape de Verde archipelago
and other
African islands to the African mainland. It must be admitted that these facts receive no explanation on the theory of creation. |
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The fact, as we have seen, that all past and present organic beings constitute one grand natural system, with
group
subordinate to group,
and with extinct
groups often falling in between recent
groups, is intelligible on the theory of natural selection with its contingencies of extinction and divergence of character. On these same principles we see how it is, that the mutual affinities of the species and genera
within each class are so complex and circuitous. We see why certain characters are far more serviceable than others for classification;— why adaptive characters, though of paramount importance to the being,
are of hardly any importance in classification; why characters derived from rudimentary parts, though of no service to the being,
are often of high classificatory value; and why
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The existence of closely allied or representative species in any two areas, implies, on the theory of descent with modification, that the same
parents parents 1859 1860 1861 1866 | parent-forms 1869 1872 |
formerly inhabited both
areas; areas; 1859 1860 1861 1866 1869 | areas: 1872 |
and we almost invariably find that wherever many closely allied species inhabit two areas, some identical species
common common 1859 1860 1861 1866 |
are still common 1869 1872 |
to
both both 1859 1860 1861 1866 | both. 1869 1872 |
still still 1859 1860 1861 1866 | still 1869 1872 |
exist there. exist there. 1861 1866 | exist. 1859 1860 | exist there. 1869 1872 |
Wherever many closely allied yet distinct species occur,
....... 1866 1869 1872 | many 1859 1860 1861 |
doubtful forms and varieties
of of 1859 1860 1861 1866 | belonging to 1869 1872 |
the same
species species 1859 1860 1861 1866 | groups 1869 1872 |
like-wise like-wise 1866 | likewise 1859 1860 1861 1869 1872 |
occur. It is a rule of high generality that the inhabitants of each area are related to the inhabitants of the nearest source whence immigrants might have been derived. We see this in
nearly nearly 1859 1860 1861 1866 |
the striking relation of nearly 1869 1872 |
all the plants and animals of the Galapagos archipelago, of Juan Fernandez, and of the other American
islands islands 1859 1860 1861 1866 | islands, 1869 1872 |
being related in the most striking manner being related in the most striking manner 1859 1860 1861 1866 |
OMIT 1869 1872 |
to the plants and animals of the neighbouring American mainland; and
those of those of 1859 1860 1861 1866 |
of those of 1869 1872 |
the Cape de Verde
archipelago archipelago 1859 1860 1861 1866 1869 | archipelago, 1872 |
and
other other 1859 1860 1861 1866 |
of the other 1869 1872 |
African islands to the African mainland. It must be admitted that these facts receive no explanation on the theory of creation. |
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The fact, as we have seen, that all past and present organic beings
constitute one grand natural system, with constitute one grand natural system, with 1859 1860 1861 1866 |
can be arranged within a few great classes, in 1869 1872 |
group group 1859 1860 1861 1866 | groups 1869 1872 |
subordinate to
group, group, 1859 1860 1861 1866 | groups, 1869 1872 |
and with
extinct extinct 1859 1860 1861 1866 | the extinct 1869 1872 |
groups often falling in between
recent recent 1859 1860 1861 1866 | the recent 1869 1872 |
groups, is intelligible on the theory of natural selection with its contingencies of extinction and divergence of character. On these same principles we see how it is, that the mutual affinities of the
species and genera species and genera 1859 1860 1861 1866 |
forms 1869 1872 |
within each class are so complex and circuitous. We see why certain characters are far more serviceable than others for classification;— why adaptive characters, though of paramount importance to the
being, being, 1859 1860 1861 1866 | beings, 1869 | beings; 1872 |
are of hardly any importance in classification; why characters derived from rudimentary parts, though of no service to the
being, being, 1859 1860 1861 1866 | beings, 1869 1872 |
are often of high classificatory value; and why
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